Toyota 2015 Annual Report Download - page 45

Chinese Standards
Fuel consumption regulations are being implemented pursuant to the Chinese National Standards (“GB”),
and the manufacture and sale of vehicle models not meeting these regulations are prohibited. For passenger
vehicles, pursuant to GB19578-2004, Level 1 Fuel Consumption Regulations apply to new models after
July 2005 and Level 2 Fuel Consumption Regulations apply to new models after January 2008. For small
commercial vehicles, pursuant to GB20997-2007, Level 2 Fuel Consumption Regulations apply to new models
after February 2008, Level 1 Fuel Consumption Regulations apply to all vehicles as of January 2009 and Level 2
Fuel Consumption Regulations apply to all models as of January 2011. These regulations determine the
consumption standards that apply depending on the mass of the applicable vehicle and set forth a method for
determining whether each model has met the regulation. With respect to passenger vehicles, GB27999-2011 has
been issued to further strengthen fuel consumption regulations from 2012 and beyond. In these Level 3 Fuel
Consumption Regulations for passenger vehicles, the regulation framework was substantially revised, such as a
change from regulations requiring each model to meet consumption standards to regulations requiring
automobile manufacturers to meet standards of average consumption across models. Furthermore, in order to
achieve the national target for average fuel efficiency for 2020, the following more stringent fuel consumption
regulations have been enacted as Level 4 Fuel Consumption Regulations for passenger vehicles. First,
GB19578-2014, which has been enacted to strengthen regulations for each model, is being applied to new models
after January 2016. Second, GB27999-2014, which has been enacted to strengthen corporate average regulations,
will come into effect in 2016.
Standards of Other Countries
As momentum gathers to increase energy security and prevent global warming, other countries in addition
to Japan, the United States, Europe and China are moving to introduce fuel consumption regulations, and Korea,
Mexico, Brazil, Taiwan, India, Saudi Arabia and Canada have already decided to introduce or implemented fuel
consumption regulations. Australia is also considering the introduction of new regulations to reduce average
carbon dioxide emissions by vehicles. Toyota predicts that this trend will spread to other countries, and in the
future many nations will consider new regulations related to fuel consumption and carbon dioxide.
Vehicle Safety
Japanese Standards
In Japan, efforts have been made since 1998 to bring Japanese standards in line with the regulations of the
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (“UN”).
With respect to standards that were previously brought in line with the UN regulations, the Japanese
standards regarding steering systems require disabling of automatic steering functions when vehicles travel at
more than 10km/h. These standards apply to new model cars beginning in July 2016. As amendments to the
requirement to disable automatic steering functions are currently being discussed at the United Nations, and in
light of the fact that vehicles equipped with automatic steering functions are already being sold in Japan, the
application of the requirement to disable automatic steering functions is expected to be suspended for the time
being in Japan.
With respect to standards that were newly brought in line with the UN regulations, standards for fire
prevention will apply to new models beginning in September 2018. Standards for protection of passengers from
pole side impact will apply to new models beginning in June 2018. Standards for vehicle exterior noise of tires,
and friction force and rolling resistance on wet roads will apply in stages to new models beginning in April 2018
and will apply in stages to existing models still in production beginning in April 2022. Standards for illumination
of rear registration plates will apply to vehicles to be manufactured on or after June 2020. Standards for filament
light bulbs, standards for gas-discharge light sources and standards for LED will apply to vehicles to be
manufactured on or after June 2015.
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